microsoft · Rodrigo Brandão (rodrigobr-msft) · Jul 22, 2026 · Jul 22, 2026 · Jul 22, 2026 · Jul 22, 2026
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 from .activity import Activity
 from .agents_model import AgentsModel
 from ._type_aliases import NonEmptyString
+from .conversation_account import ConversationAccount
 
 
 class ConversationParameters(AgentsModel):
@@ -29,6 +30,8 @@ class ConversationParameters(AgentsModel):
     :type channel_data: object
     :param tenant_id: (Optional) The tenant ID in which the conversation should be created
     :type tenant_id: str
+    :param conversation: (Optional) The conversation account to use when creating the new conversation
+    :type conversation: ~microsoft_agents.activity.ConversationAccount
     """
 
     is_group: bool = None
@@ -38,3 +41,4 @@ class ConversationParameters(AgentsModel):
     activity: Activity = None
     channel_data: object = None
     tenant_id: NonEmptyString = None
+    conversation: ConversationAccount = None
@@ -7,7 +7,13 @@
 from typing import Optional, Callable, Awaitable, cast
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 
-from microsoft_agents.activity import Activity, Channels, SignInConstants, TokenResponse
+from microsoft_agents.activity import (
+    Activity,
+    Channels,
+    ChannelId,
+    SignInConstants,
+    TokenResponse,
+)
 from microsoft_agents.activity.activity_types import ActivityTypes
 
 from ...turn_context import TurnContext
@@ -283,7 +289,8 @@ async def _start_or_continue_sign_in(
         elif sign_in_response.tag in [_FlowStateTag.BEGIN, _FlowStateTag.CONTINUE]:
             # Handling special case for Teams SSO, ConsentRequired
             if not (
-                context.activity.channel_id.channel == Channels.ms_teams
+                ChannelId.get_channel(context.activity.channel_id)
+                == Channels.ms_teams.value
                 and sign_in_state.continuation_activity
                 and context.activity.type == ActivityTypes.invoke
                 and context.activity.name

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from microsoft_agents.activity import ConversationReference
 from microsoft_agents.hosting.core.authorization import ClaimsIdentity
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class Conversation(StoreItem):
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        claims: "dict[str, str] | ClaimsIdentity",
+        claims: dict[str, str] | ClaimsIdentity,
         conversation_reference: ConversationReference,
     ) -> None:
         if isinstance(claims, ClaimsIdentity):
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def __init__(
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_turn_context(cls, context: "TurnContext") -> "Conversation":
+    def from_turn_context(cls, context: TurnContext) -> Conversation:
         """
         Create a :class:`microsoft_agents.hosting.core.app.proactive.Conversation` from the current turn context.
 
@@ -65,11 +65,7 @@ def from_turn_context(cls, context: "TurnContext") -> "Conversation":
             and conversation reference.
         :rtype: :class:`microsoft_agents.hosting.core.app.proactive.Conversation`
         """
-        from microsoft_agents.hosting.core.channel_adapter import ChannelAdapter
-
-        identity: Optional[ClaimsIdentity] = context.turn_state.get(
-            ChannelAdapter.AGENT_IDENTITY_KEY
-        )
+        identity: ClaimsIdentity | None = context.identity
         reference = context.activity.get_conversation_reference()
         return cls(identity or {}, reference)
 
@@ -78,7 +74,7 @@ def from_turn_context(cls, context: "TurnContext") -> "Conversation":
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @staticmethod
-    def claims_from_identity(identity: ClaimsIdentity) -> "dict[str, str]":
+    def claims_from_identity(identity: ClaimsIdentity) -> dict[str, str]:
         """
         Return the subset of claims from *identity* that are relevant for proactive
         messaging (``aud``, ``azp``, ``appid``, ``idtyp``, ``ver``, ``iss``, ``tid``).
@@ -91,7 +87,7 @@ def claims_from_identity(identity: ClaimsIdentity) -> "dict[str, str]":
         return {k: v for k, v in identity.claims.items() if k in _PERSISTED_CLAIM_KEYS}
 
     @staticmethod
-    def identity_from_claims(claims: "dict[str, str]") -> ClaimsIdentity:
+    def identity_from_claims(claims: dict[str, str]) -> ClaimsIdentity:
         """
         Reconstruct a :class:`~microsoft_agents.hosting.core.authorization.ClaimsIdentity`
         from a previously persisted claims dict.
@@ -142,7 +138,7 @@ def store_item_to_json(self) -> dict:
         }
 
     @staticmethod
-    def from_json_to_store_item(json_data: dict) -> "Conversation":
+    def from_json_to_store_item(json_data: dict) -> Conversation:
         reference = ConversationReference.model_validate(
             json_data.get("conversation_reference", {})
         )

@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
 # Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from collections.abc import Callable
 from typing import Awaitable
 from microsoft_agents.hosting.core.authorization import ClaimsIdentity
 from microsoft_agents.activity import ChannelAdapterProtocol
 from microsoft_agents.activity import (
     Activity,
+    ChannelId,
     ConversationAccount,
     ConversationReference,
     ConversationParameters,
     ResourceResponse,
 )
 
 from .turn_context import TurnContext
-from .middleware_set import MiddlewareSet
+from .middleware_set import MiddlewareSet, Middleware
 
 
 class ChannelAdapter(ABC, ChannelAdapterProtocol):
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ async def delete_activity(
         """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def use(self, middleware):
+    def use(self, middleware: Middleware) -> ChannelAdapter:
         """
         Registers a middleware handler with the adapter.
 
@@ -202,11 +205,11 @@ async def create_conversation(
 
         # Create a conversation update activity
         conversation_update = Activity(
-            type=ActivityTypes.CONVERSATION_UPDATE,
-            channel_id=channel_id,
+            type=ActivityTypes.conversation_update,
+            channel_id=ChannelId(channel_id),
             service_url=service_url,
             conversation=conversation_parameters.conversation,
-            recipient=conversation_parameters.bot,
+            recipient=conversation_parameters.agent,
             from_property=conversation_parameters.members[0],
             members_added=conversation_parameters.members,
         )

@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from abc import ABC
-from copy import Error
 from http import HTTPStatus
-from typing import Awaitable, Callable, cast, Optional
+from typing import Awaitable, Callable, cast
 from uuid import uuid4
 
 from microsoft_agents.activity import (
@@ -65,16 +64,10 @@ async def send_activities(
         :type activities: list[:class:`microsoft_agents.activity.Activity`]
         :return: List of resource responses for the sent activities.
         :rtype: list[:class:`microsoft_agents.activity.ResourceResponse`]
-        :raises TypeError: If context or activities are None/invalid.
+        :raises ValueError: If the activities list is empty.
         """
-        if not context:
-            raise TypeError("Expected TurnContext but got None instead")
-
-        if activities is None:
-            raise TypeError("Expected Activities list but got None instead")
-
         if len(activities) == 0:
-            raise TypeError("Expecting one or more activities, but the list was empty.")
+            raise ValueError("send_activities: activities list cannot be empty")
 
         responses = []
 
@@ -97,7 +90,9 @@ async def send_activities(
                     context.turn_state.get(self._AGENT_CONNECTOR_CLIENT_KEY),
                 )
                 if not connector_client:
-                    raise Error("Unable to extract ConnectorClient from turn context.")
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        "Unable to extract ConnectorClient from turn context."
+                    )
 
                 with spans.AdapterSendActivities([activity]):
                     if activity.reply_to_id:
@@ -131,13 +126,11 @@ async def update_activity(self, context: TurnContext, activity: Activity):
         :type activity: :class:`microsoft_agents.activity.Activity`
         :return: Resource response for the updated activity.
         :rtype: :class:`microsoft_agents.activity.ResourceResponse`
-        :raises TypeError: If context or activity are None/invalid.
+        :raises TypeError: activity.id is None
         """
-        if not context:
-            raise TypeError("Expected TurnContext but got None instead")
 
-        if activity is None:
-            raise TypeError("Expected Activity but got None instead")
+        if activity.id is None:
+            raise TypeError("Expected Activity with an id but got None instead")
 
         with spans.AdapterUpdateActivity(activity):
 
@@ -146,7 +139,9 @@ async def update_activity(self, context: TurnContext, activity: Activity):
                 context.turn_state.get(self._AGENT_CONNECTOR_CLIENT_KEY),
             )
             if not connector_client:
-                raise Error("Unable to extract ConnectorClient from turn context.")
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "Unable to extract ConnectorClient from turn context."
+                )
 
             return await connector_client.conversations.update_activity(
                 activity.conversation.id, activity.id, activity
@@ -162,13 +157,12 @@ async def delete_activity(
         :type context: :class:`microsoft_agents.hosting.core.turn_context.TurnContext`
         :param reference: Reference to the conversation and activity to delete.
         :type reference: :class:`microsoft_agents.activity.ConversationReference`
-        :raises TypeError: If context or reference are None/invalid.
+        :raises TypeError: reference.conversation or reference.activity_id is None
         """
-        if not context:
-            raise TypeError("Expected TurnContext but got None instead")
-
-        if not reference:
-            raise TypeError("Expected ConversationReference but got None instead")
+        if not reference.conversation or not reference.activity_id:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Expected ConversationReference with conversation and activity_id but got None instead"
+            )
 
         with spans.AdapterDeleteActivity(context.activity):
 
@@ -177,7 +171,9 @@ async def delete_activity(
                 context.turn_state.get(self._AGENT_CONNECTOR_CLIENT_KEY),
             )
             if not connector_client:
-                raise Error("Unable to extract ConnectorClient from turn context.")
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "Unable to extract ConnectorClient from turn context."
+                )
 
             await connector_client.conversations.delete_activity(
                 reference.conversation.id, reference.activity_id
@@ -238,7 +234,7 @@ async def continue_conversation_with_claims(
         :param callback: The method to call for the resulting agent turn.
         :type callback: Callable[[:class:`microsoft_agents.hosting.core.turn_context.TurnContext`], Awaitable]
         :param audience: The audience for the conversation.
-        :type audience: Optional[str]
+        :type audience: str | None
         """
         with spans.AdapterContinueConversation(continuation_activity):
             return await self.process_proactive(
@@ -261,12 +257,6 @@ async def create_conversation(  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
             raise TypeError(
                 "CloudAdapter.create_conversation(): service_url is required."
             )
-        if not conversation_parameters:
-            raise TypeError(
-                "CloudAdapter.create_conversation(): conversation_parameters is required."
-            )
-        if not callback:
-            raise TypeError("CloudAdapter.create_conversation(): callback is required.")
 
         # Create a ClaimsIdentity, to create the connector and for adding to the turn context.
         claims_identity = self.create_claims_identity(agent_app_id)
@@ -369,7 +359,7 @@ async def process_activity(
         claims_identity: ClaimsIdentity,
         activity: Activity,
         callback: Callable[[TurnContext], Awaitable],
-    ):
+    ) -> InvokeResponse | None:
         """
         Creates a turn context and runs the middleware pipeline for an incoming activity.
 
@@ -381,7 +371,7 @@ async def process_activity(
         :type callback: Callable[[:class:`microsoft_agents.hosting.core.turn_context.TurnContext`], Awaitable]
 
         :return: A task that represents the work queued to execute.
-        :rtype: Optional[:class:`microsoft_agents.activity.InvokeResponse`]
+        :rtype: :class:`microsoft_agents.activity.InvokeResponse` | None
 
         .. note::
             This class processes an activity received by the agents web server. This includes any messages
@@ -424,7 +414,7 @@ async def process_activity(
         context.turn_state[self.USER_TOKEN_CLIENT_KEY] = user_token_client
 
         # Create the connector client to use for outbound requests.
-        connector_client: Optional[ConnectorClient] = None
+        connector_client: ConnectorClient | None = None
         if self._resolve_if_connector_client_is_needed(activity):
             connector_client = (
                 await self._channel_service_client_factory.create_connector_client(
@@ -466,8 +456,6 @@ def create_claims_identity(self, agent_app_id: str = "") -> ClaimsIdentity:
 
     @staticmethod
     def _validate_continuation_activity(continuation_activity: Activity):
-        if not continuation_activity:
-            raise TypeError("CloudAdapter: continuation_activity is required.")
 
         if not continuation_activity.conversation:
             raise TypeError(
@@ -506,7 +494,7 @@ def _create_turn_context(
         claims_identity: ClaimsIdentity,
         oauth_scope: str,
         callback: Callable[[TurnContext], Awaitable],
-        activity: Optional[Activity] = None,
+        activity: Activity | None = None,
     ) -> TurnContext:
         context = TurnContext(self, activity, claims_identity)
 
@@ -519,13 +507,13 @@ def _create_turn_context(
 
         return context
 
-    def _process_turn_results(self, context: TurnContext) -> Optional[InvokeResponse]:
+    def _process_turn_results(self, context: TurnContext) -> InvokeResponse | None:
         """Process the results of a turn and return the appropriate response.
 
         :param context: The turn context
         :type context: :class:`microsoft_agents.hosting.core.turn_context.TurnContext`
         :return: The invoke response, if applicable
-        :rtype: Optional[:class:`microsoft_agents.activity.InvokeResponse`]
+        :rtype: :class:`microsoft_agents.activity.InvokeResponse` | None
         """
         # Handle ExpectedReplies scenarios where all activities have been
         # buffered and sent back at once in an invoke response.
@@ -542,11 +530,11 @@ def _process_turn_results(self, context: TurnContext) -> Optional[InvokeResponse
         if context.activity.type == ActivityTypes.invoke:
 
             with spans.AdapterSendActivities([context.activity]):
-                activity_invoke_response: Activity = context.turn_state.get(
-                    self.INVOKE_RESPONSE_KEY
+                activity_invoke_response: Activity | None = cast(
+                    Activity | None, context.turn_state.get(self.INVOKE_RESPONSE_KEY)
                 )
                 if not activity_invoke_response:
-                    return InvokeResponse(status=HTTPStatus.OK)
+                    return InvokeResponse(status=HTTPStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
 
                 return InvokeResponse.model_validate(activity_invoke_response.value)
 

@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@
 
 
 class ChannelHostProtocol(Protocol):
+
+    host_endpoint: str
+    host_app_id: str
+    channels: dict[str, ChannelInfoProtocol]
+
     def __init__(
         self,
         host_endpoint: str,

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ async def post_activity(
         conversation_id: str,
         activity: Activity,
         *,
-        response_body_type: type[AgentsModel] = None,
+        response_body_type: type[AgentsModel] | None = None,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> InvokeResponse:
         raise NotImplementedError()