A pure-Rust library and toolkit for working with DICOS (Digital Imaging and Communication in Security) files. DICOS is the NEMA IIC 1 standard used by security screening equipment (CT scanners, X-ray systems) to encode volumetric and projection image data. It is closely related to DICOM but tailored for aviation and checkpoint security workflows.
This project implements the NEMA IIC 1 v04-2023 specification and provides:
- A core parsing library for reading DICOS datasets and pixel data.
- Four standalone lossless compression codecs (no DICOS dependency).
- A CLI tool (
dicosctl) for inspecting files from the terminal. - A GPU-accelerated volume viewer (
roxel) with 3D ray-casting and 2D slice display.
Ported from dicos.go. Pure Rust -- no C dependencies.
The dicos crate parses DICOS/DICOM binary files into an in-memory Dataset
of typed elements. It handles explicit and implicit VR transfer syntaxes,
encapsulated pixel data, and multi-frame volumes. Codec crates are wired in
through optional feature flags so downstream consumers only pay for what they
use.
Pure Rust implementations of the lossless image compression formats used by
DICOS and DICOM. Each codec is a standalone crate with zero dependency on
dicos, so they can be used independently in any imaging pipeline.
As of 2.0.0 these codecs emit standards-conformant streams within an explicit, documented scope; anything legal-but-unsupported is rejected loudly rather than encoded incorrectly. See the "Conformance scope" table below and each crate's README for the full support matrix.
| Package | Imported as | Standard | Algorithm |
|---|---|---|---|
| pure_jpeg2k | jpeg2k |
ITU-T T.800 | Wavelet (5/3 DWT + EBCOT + MQ) |
| pure_jpegli | jpegli |
ITU-T T.81 Annex H | DPCM (Process 14 SV1) |
| pure_jpegls | jpegls |
ISO/IEC 14495-1 / ITU-T T.87 | LOCO-I |
| pure_jpegrle | jpegrle |
DICOM Part 5 Section 8.1.1 | PackBits RLE |
| Codec | Conformant profile | Verified against |
|---|---|---|
| pure_jpeg2k | T.800 lossless codestreams: 1 tile, 1 component (unsigned 16-bit), reversible 5/3 DWT, LRCP, 1 layer, cb_style=0, zero grid origins. Everything else legal-but-unsupported is rejected via a validated support matrix. v1.0.0 / Go raw-DWT files remain decodable through LegacyPolicy (Auto by default; the dicos registry adapter uses StandardOnly). |
OpenJPEG (opj_compress/opj_decompress), both directions, in CI |
| pure_jpegls | T.87 single-component, ILV=0, LSE ID=1 presets honored, run mode, near-lossless. DRI/restart markers and Nf≠1/ILV≠0 are rejected as Unsupported. Profile::LegacyGo reproduces the frozen 1.0.0 / Go-compatible bytes. |
Round-trip + a CharLS decode harness (tests/interop.rs); the harness self-skips until .jls fixtures are supplied — see its README for the generation commands |
| pure_jpegli | T.81 Process 14 lossless: default selection value 1 (SV1), predictors 1–7 selectable, point transform, restart intervals (row-aligned per H.1.1). | libjpeg-turbo ≥ 3.0 (cjpeg -lossless / djpeg), both directions |
| pure_jpegrle | DICOM Part 5 §8.1.1 PackBits RLE; 16-bit split into high/low byte segments. | Round-trip + DICOM fixtures |
A command-line tool for quick inspection of DICOS files. Built as a binary
inside the dicos crate behind the cli feature flag.
A three-panel desktop application for visualizing 3D CT volumes and 2D slices
from DICOS files. Uses wgpu for GPU ray-casting and egui for the UI.
+------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| Sidebar | 3D Volume View | 2D Slice View |
| | (GPU ray-caster) | (CPU rendered) |
| Metadata | | |
| Layers +------------------------+------------------------+
| Threats | Quality | Opacity | Volume: [dropdown] |
| | Preset | Bands | View: [dropdown] |
| | Lighting | WC/WW | Composite [x] |
| | | W/L: __ W/W: __ |
| | | Slice: [slider] |
+------------+------------------------+------------------------+
- Left sidebar -- file open, metadata display, volume layer toggles, rendering quality, transfer function presets (Bands / Threat / Monochrome), material band sliders, and Phong lighting controls.
- Center panel -- GPU ray-cast 3D volume rendering with arcball camera (left-drag to rotate, scroll to zoom, axial/coronal/sagittal preset views).
- Right panel -- CPU-rendered 2D slice viewer with orientation selector, window/level controls, slice index slider, and MIP composite toggle.
Requires a GPU with Vulkan, Metal, or DX12 support.
dicos.rs/
Cargo.toml # Workspace root
testdata/ # Curated DICOS samples (tracked); synthetic/ is generated
crates/
dicos/ # Core DICOS library + dicosctl binary
jpegrle/ # RLE PackBits codec (standalone)
jpegls/ # JPEG-LS codec (standalone)
jpegli/ # JPEG Lossless codec (standalone)
jpeg2k/ # JPEG 2000 codec (standalone)
roxel/ # GPU-accelerated volume viewer
jpegrle ----+
jpegls ----| (standalone, zero dicos dependency)
jpegli ----|
jpeg2k ----+
dicos --> optionally uses codec crates via feature flags
| includes dicosctl binary (--features cli)
|
roxel --> dicos + wgpu + egui
# Build the entire workspace
cargo build --workspace
# Run all tests
cargo test --workspace
# Build dicosctl (the CLI tool)
cargo build -p dicos --features cli
# Build roxel in release mode (recommended for interactive use)
cargo build -p roxel --releasetestdata/ holds curated, public-safe DICOS samples that the reader and
luggage integration tests depend on (notably testdata/bag_ct.dcs); these are
tracked. Only testdata/synthetic/ — the fixture the example generator
produces — is gitignored. Integration tests that read testdata/ files still
skip gracefully when a fixture is absent, so a partial checkout stays green.
To produce a synthetic public-safe CT volume via the example generator:
mkdir -p testdata/synthetic
cargo run -p dicos --example gen-luggage-fishtank -- \
--size 64,64,48 --out testdata/synthetic/luggage_fishtank_ct.dcs--size x,y,z accepts any axis ≥ 32 (x/y ≤ 65535); omit --out to write the
default path. CI runs this step before the test suite. See
MIGRATION.md for the full 1.x → 2.0 upgrade guide.
The dicos crate ships dicosctl as a binary (behind the cli feature); the
fixture generator now lives at examples/gen-luggage-fishtank.rs (run with
--example gen-luggage-fishtank, see Test data).
# Print a human-readable summary of a DICOS file
cargo run --bin dicosctl -p dicos --features cli -- info scan.dcs
# Example output:
# File: scan.dcs
# Elements: 42
# Modality: CT
# Dimensions: 512x512
# Frames: 256
# Bits Allocated: 16
# Transfer Syntax: JPEG-LS Lossless (1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.80)
# SOP Class: 1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.501.2.1
# Manufacturer: L3 Technologies
# Model: CX100
# Dump all metadata as JSON (pretty-printed by default)
cargo run --bin dicosctl -p dicos --features cli -- dump scan.dcs
# Pipe JSON output to jq for querying
cargo run --bin dicosctl -p dicos --features cli -- dump scan.dcs | jq '.Modality'
# Compact (single-line) JSON
cargo run --bin dicosctl -p dicos --features cli -- dump --compact scan.dcs# Launch with an empty viewport, then use File > Open to load
cargo run -p roxel --release
# Load a single DICOS file directly
cargo run -p roxel --release -- scan.dcs
# Load a directory of single-frame .dcs files as one volume
cargo run -p roxel --release -- /path/to/slices/Mouse controls:
| Action | Effect |
|---|---|
| Left-drag in 3D view | Rotate volume (arcball) |
| Scroll wheel | Zoom in/out |
Transfer function presets:
| Preset | Description |
|---|---|
| Default | Five-band material: Air (transparent), Organic (orange), Inorganic (green), Metal (blue), Dense (dark blue) |
| Threat | Red monochrome for threat highlighting |
| Mono | Grayscale density mapping |
See crates/roxel/README.md for full documentation including architecture, rendering pipeline, and GPU requirements.
Run cargo test --workspace --all-features to reproduce. Current counts:
dicos: 120 passed, 0 failed
roxel: 57 passed, 0 failed
jpeg2k: 140 passed, 0 failed
jpegli: 95 passed, 0 failed
jpegls: 92 passed, 0 failed
jpegrle: 32 passed, 0 failed
---------------------------------
Total: 536 passed, 0 failed, 0 ignored
- NEMA IIC 1 -- DICOS Standard
- DICOM Standard
- suyashkumar/dicom (Go reference)
- Stratovan DICOS/DICOM format
- JPEG-LS (ISO/IEC 14495-1)
- JPEG 2000 (ITU-T T.800)
- JPEG Lossless (ITU-T T.81 Annex H)
- DICOM RLE (Part 5 Section 8.1.1)
Built with Claude Code by Anthropic and Codex.