diff --git a/docs.json b/docs.json index 47e1347..16decaa 100644 --- a/docs.json +++ b/docs.json @@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ "tr/projects/mediabox", "tr/projects/firewall", "tr/projects/hotspot", + "tr/projects/homeassistant", { "group": "Teknofest", "pages": [ @@ -339,6 +340,7 @@ "en/projects/mediabox", "en/projects/firewall", "en/projects/hotspot", + "en/projects/homeassistant", { "group": "Teknofest", "pages": [ diff --git a/en/projects/homeassistant.mdx b/en/projects/homeassistant.mdx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d3e7ac7 --- /dev/null +++ b/en/projects/homeassistant.mdx @@ -0,0 +1,312 @@ +--- +title: 'Home Assistant' +description: 'T3 Gemstone O1 Smart Home Hub Management System' +--- + + + Home Assistant + + + +By the end of this section, you will have knowledge about the following topics: + +* **Home Assistant** smart home system installation on the T3 Gemstone O1 development board +* Connecting sensors using the Deneyap Kart and providing home automation to develop smart home applications with this project + + +## 1. Introduction + +Today, controlling home automation data and securing smart devices is more important than ever. +You might want to manage your lighting, security cameras, smart plugs, and sensors in a centralized system +without depending on major cloud providers like Amazon, Google, Xiaomi, or Tuya. +To do this, you need to host your own smart home server on your own device and control your devices over your local network. +However, running such a hub in your home brings technical challenges: enabling communication between devices from different brands, +providing secure remote access from outside the world, and keeping the system continuously operational. +These problems are often solved with complex configurations and high-cost hardware. +The T3 Gemstone O1 development board, with its Home Assistant integration, provides an easy, cost-effective, and secure solution to these problems. + + +## 2. Home Assistant Installation + +Home Assistant is an open-source smart home and automation platform. It offers features such as monitoring sensor data, controlling lights, plugs, and other devices, creating automated scenarios, and providing mobile access—all in a single system. + +After establishing a [terminal connection](/en/quickstart/#2-explore-gemstone) to the T3 Gemstone O1 development board, start the Docker installation with the following command: + +```bash +sudo curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sudo sh +``` + +After the Docker installation is complete, you can install **Home Assistant**. + +```bash +sudo apt install t3-gem-homeassistant +``` + +After the installation is complete, it may take 5-10 minutes for the Supervisor to download and start all services, depending on your internet speed. +You can monitor the status with the following command: + +```bash +sudo docker logs -f hassio_supervisor +``` + +When you see that the `hassio_supervisor` and `homeassistant` services are in the `Up` (Running) state on the screen, you can access the interface from your browser: + +`http://gemstone.local:8123` or `http://:8123` + +To access from outside your home, you can use the [Tailscale](/en/projects/cloud#3-external-access) network for which an installation guide is available, and securely connect to your system via your Tailscale IP address (`http://:8123`). + + +## 3. Accessing the Home Assistant Interface and Initial Setup + +Once the system services are active, when you first access the interface via your browser at `http://gemstone.local:8123` or +`http://:8123`, Home Assistant will greet you with a setup wizard. +At this stage, you can create your administrator account and complete the basic configuration of your smart home. +You can easily complete the interface setup by following the images below: + + + If you encounter an error connecting to the interface, you can resolve it by changing `https://` in the address bar to `http://`. + + + + Preparing Screen + + +When you enter the address, you will see the Home Assistant preparing screen. The screen displays an estimated time. + + + Welcome Screen + + +If you are setting up for the first time, you can proceed with the setup from the **Create my smart home** section. +If you have installed before and have backups, you can proceed with the options at the bottom. + + + User Creation + + +After entering your name, username, and password, click the **Create Account** button to create your account. + + + Home Location + + +You can select the location of your device, i.e., your **Home Location**. + + + Data Sharing + + +You need to give your consent for Home Assistant to use your data. You can continue with these settings enabled or disabled. + + + Main Screen + + +Congratulations! You have successfully completed the setup steps and are now on the Home Assistant main screen. You can now freely configure the hub of your smart home on the T3 Gemstone O1 and start managing your devices. + + +## 4. Sensor Integration with Deneyap Kart + +This section covers the steps for connecting a motion sensor to the Deneyap Kart 1A V2 development board and integrating this sensor into the Home Assistant platform. + +### 4.1 Installing ESPHome in Home Assistant + + + Home Assistant Main Screen + + +After opening the menu on the left side, click on the Settings option. + + + Home Assistant Settings Section + + +From the opened menu, select the Add-ons option. + + + Home Assistant Add-ons Section + + +Click the "Install Add-on" button located in the bottom right corner. + + + Home Assistant Add-on Store + + +Type "esphome" in the search field in the opened menu. + + + Home Assistant Add-on Store Search Result + + +Click on the ESPHome option displayed in the search results. + + + Home Assistant ESPHome + + +In the opened menu, click on the Install option and wait for the installation to complete. + + + Home Assistant ESPHome After Installation + + +After the installation is complete, click on the Start button in the displayed menu. + + + Home Assistant ESPHome After Installation + + +Click on the "Open Web UI" button. + + + ESPHome Welcome Screen + + +### 4.2 Configuring ESPHome for Deneyap Kart + +In the opened menu, click on the "Create Device" option. + + + ESPHome New Device Addition Screen + + +Click the "Create new project" button to continue. + + + ESPHome Device Configuration Screen + + +On the opened page, search according to the MCU model you will use. + + + ESPHome Device Configuration Screen + + +At this step, select the appropriate model. + + + ESPHome Device Type Selection Screen + + +At this step, you need to assign a name to the board. + + + ESPHome Completing Device Configuration + + +At this step, enter your modem's SSID and password in the "Network Name" and "Password" fields. + +```yaml +substitutions: + LED_PIN: GPIO48 # Onboard RGB LED + BUTTON_PIN: GPIO0 # Boot Button + + # Pin Mappings + D0: GPIO1 + D1: GPIO2 + D4: GPIO42 + D8: GPIO38 + D9: GPIO48 + D12: GPIO10 + D13: GPIO3 + D14: GPIO8 + # I2C + SDA_PIN: GPIO47 + SCL_PIN: GPIO21 +``` +Then, copy the **pin definitions** made in this section to the bottom of the YAML file. + + + Adding Sensor to ESPHome YAML File + + +Since a motion sensor will be connected in this example, paste the following definitions at the bottom of the YAML file as shown above. + +```yaml +binary_sensor: + - platform: gpio + pin: + number: GPIO42 + mode: INPUT + inverted: false + name: "PIR Sensor" + device_class: motion + filters: + - delayed_on: 1s +``` + + + + The motion sensor is connected to the **D4 pin (GPIO42)**. If you connected it to a different pin, you need to update the **`number`** field accordingly. + For the required pin assignments, you can refer to the [Deneyap Kart Pin Guide](https://docs.deneyapkart.org/en/Development_Boards) page. + + +Click the "Install" button in the bottom right corner. This step completes the configuration. + +### 4.3 Uploading Software to Deneyap Kart for ESPHome + + + ESPHome Software Upload Options + + +First, connect the **Deneyap Kart** to any USB port of your **T3 Gemstone O1** development board. +Various upload options will be displayed in the opened menu, but for the initial upload, you should select **"Plug into the computer running ESPHome Device Builder"**. +For subsequent uploads, you can perform wireless uploads. + + + ESPHome Software Upload + + +In the **Port selection** section, select the appropriate option from the list. If multiple ports are visible, the port that disappears and reappears when you unplug and replug the Deneyap Kart is the correct port. + + + ESPHome Software Upload Log Screen + + +Start the upload process. The first upload may take some time, so patience is recommended. + + + ESPHome Software Upload Log Screen + + +After the upload is complete, go to the ESPHome main screen and click on the "Logs" section. +In the opened menu, the "Wirelessly" option is now available. + + + Adding ESPHome Device + + +On **Home Assistant**, go to **Settings > Devices & Services > Add Integration** and click the "Add" button on the ESPHome device found there. + + + Adding ESPHome Device + + +At this stage, click the **Send** button that appears. + + + Adding ESPHome Device + + +At this step, give the board a name for Home Assistant. Then click the **Skip and Finish** button to continue. + + + ESPHome Devices + + +Click on the **"1 device"** option under **ESPHome**. + + + ESPHome Device Details + + +Congratulations! A motion sensor has been successfully integrated into the **Home Assistant** platform. The status of the added sensor can be viewed in real-time. + +## 5. Frequently Asked Questions + +**I get an "Unsupported System" warning after installation, why?** +> This warning may appear when using an operating system other than Home Assistant OS or when there are other manually running services on the system (such as Nextcloud or Tailscale). It is not an obstacle to the stable operation of the smart home system; it is only for informational purposes. + +**When will the Add-on store appear?** +> If you access the interface immediately after installation, the Add-ons menu may not be visible. 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Giriş + +Günümüzde ev otomasyonu verilerinin kontrolü ve akıllı cihazların güvenliği her zamankinden daha önemli. +Aydınlatmalarınızı, güvenlik kameralarınızı, akıllı prizlerinizi ve sensörlerinizi Amazon, Google, Xiaomi veya Tuya gibi +büyük bulut sağlayıcılarına bağımlı olmadan merkezi bir sistemde yönetmek isteyebilirsiniz. +Bunun için kendi akıllı ev sunucunuzu kendi cihazınızda barındırmanız ve cihazlarınızı yerel ağ üzerinden kontrol etmeniz gerekir. +Ancak evinizde böyle bir merkez çalıştırmak için farklı markalara ait cihazların birbiriyle haberleştirilmesi, dış dünyadan +güvenli erişim sağlayamama ve sistemi sürekli ayakta tutma gibi teknik problemleri beraberinde getirir. +Bu problemler çoğu zaman karmaşık konfigürasyonlar ve yüksek maliyetli donanımlar ile çözülür. +T3 Gemstone O1 geliştirme kartı, Home Assistant entegrasyonu ile bu problemlerin kolay, maliyetsiz ve güvenli bir şekilde çözülmesini sağlar. + + +## 2. Home Assistant Kurulum + +Home Assistant, açık kaynak kodlu bir akıllı ev ve otomasyon platformudur. Sensör verilerini izleme, ışık, priz ve diğer cihazları kontrol etme, +otomatik senaryolar oluşturma ve mobil cihazlardan erişim gibi özellikleri tek bir sistemde sunar. + +T3 Gemstone O1 geliştirme kartına [terminal bağlantısı](/tr/quickstart/#2-gemstone’u-keşfet) yaptıktan sonra aşağıdaki +komut ile öncelikle Docker kurulumunu başlatınız. + +```bash +sudo curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sudo sh +``` + +Docker kurulumu tamamlandıktan sonra **Home Assistant'ı** kurabilirsiniz. + +```bash +sudo apt install t3-gem-homeassistant +``` + +Kurulum bittikten sonra Supervisor’ın tüm hizmetleri indirip ayağa kaldırması internet hızınıza bağlı olarak 5-10 dakika sürebilir. +Durumu aşağıdaki komutla takip edebilirsiniz: + +```bash +sudo docker logs -f hassio_supervisor +``` + +Ekranda `hassio_supervisor` ve `homeassistant` hizmetlerinin `Up` (Çalışıyor) durumunda olduğunu gördüğünüzde, tarayıcınızdan arayüze erişebilirsiniz: + +`http://gemstone.local:8123` veya `http://:8123` + +Ev dışından erişim sağlamak için kurulum rehberi bulunan [Tailscale](/tr/projects/cloud#3-dış-dünyadan-erişim) ağını kullanabilir, Tailscale IP adresiniz üzerinden (`http://:8123`) sisteminize güvenle bağlanabilirsiniz. + + +## 3. Home Assistant Arayüzüne Erişim ve İlk Kurulum + +Sistem hizmetleri aktif olduktan sonra tarayıcınız üzerinden `http://gemstone.local:8123` veya +`http://:8123` adresindeki arayüze ilk girişinizi yaptığınızda, +Home Assistant sizi bir kurulum sihirbazı ile karşılayacaktır. +Bu aşamada yönetici hesabınızı oluşturarak akıllı evinizin temel yapılandırmasını tamamlayabilirsiniz. +Aşağıdaki görselleri takip ederek arayüz kurulumunu kolayca bitirebilirsiniz: + + + Eğer arayüze bağlanırken bir hata alıyorsanız, adres çubuğundaki `https://` kısmını `http://` yaparak çözebilirsiniz. + + + + Hazırlanma Ekranı + + +Adrese girdiğinizde Home Assistantın hazırlanma ekranını görüyor olacaksınız. Ekran üzerinde tahmini süre bilgisi verilmektedir. + + + Hoş Geldiniz Ekranı + + +İlk defa kurulum yapıyorsanız **Akıllı Evimi Yarat** bölümünden kurulum yapabilirsiniz. +Daha öncesinde kurulum yaptıysanız ve yedekleriniz mevcutsa alt kısımda yer alan seçeneklerden ilerleyebilirsiniz. + + + Kullanıcı Oluşturma + + +Ad, kullanıcı adı ve parola bilgilerinizi girdikten sonra **Hesap Oluştur** butonuna tıklayarak hesabınızı oluşturabilirsiniz. + + + Ev Konumu + + +Cihazınınız bulunduğu lokasyonu yani **Ev Konumu**nu seçebilirsiniz. + + + Veri Paylaşımı + + +Home Assistant'ın verilerinizi kullanması için onay vermeniz gerekmektedir. Bu ayarları kapatarak veya açarak devam edebilirsiniz. + + + Ana Ekran + + +Tebrikler! Kurulum adımlarını başarıyla tamamladınız ve artık Home Assistant'ın ana ekranındasınız. T3 Gemstone O1 üzerinden akıllı evinizin merkezini özgürce yapılandırmaya ve cihazlarınızı yönetmeye başlayabilirsiniz. + + +## 4. Deneyap Kart ile Sensör Entegrasyonu + +Bu bölümde, Deneyap Kart 1A V2 geliştirme kartına hareket sensörü bağlama ve bu sensörü Home Assistant platformuna entegre etme adımları ele alınacaktır. + +### 4.1 Home Assistant'a ESPHome'un Kurulması + + + Home Assistant Ana Ekran + + +Sol taraftaki menü açıldıktan sonra, Ayarlar seçeneğine tıklanır. + + + Home Assistant Ayarlar Bölümü + + +Açılan menüden Eklentiler seçeneği seçilir. + + + Home Assistant Uygulamalar Bölümü + + +Sağ alt köşede bulunan "Uygulamayı Yükle" butonuna tıklanır. + + + Home Assistant Uygulama Mağazası + + +Açılan menüdeki arama alanına "esphome" yazılır. + + + Home Assistant Uygulama Mağazası Arama Sonucu + + +Arama sonuçlarında görüntülenen ESPHome seçeneğine tıklanır. + + + Home Assistant ESPHome + + +Açılan menüde Kurulum seçeneğine tıklanır ve yüklemenin tamamlanması beklenir. + + + Home Assistant ESPHome Yüklendikten Sonra + + +Yükleme tamamlandıktan sonra görüntülenen menüde başlat butonuna tıklanır. + + + Home Assistant ESPHome Yüklendikten Sonra + + +"Web Arayüzünü Aç" butonuna tıklanır. + + + ESPHome Hoşgeldin Ekranı + + +### 4.2 ESPHome'un Deneyap Kart için Konfigüre Edilmesi + +Açılan menüde "Create Device" seçeneğine tıklanır. + + + ESPHome Yeni Cihaz Ekleme Ekranı + + +"Create new project" butonuna tıklanarak işlem devam ettirilir. + + + ESPHome Cihaz Konfigürasyon Ekranı + + +Açılan sayfada kullanacağınız MCU modeline göre arama yapılır. + + + ESPHome Cihaz Konfigürasyon Ekranı + + +Bu adımda, uygun model seçilir. + + + ESPHome Cihaz Tip Seçim Ekranı + + +Bu adımda, karta bir isim konulması gerekmektedir.. + + + ESPHome Cihaz Konfigürasyonun Tamamlanması + + +Bu adımda ise "Network Name" ve "Password" alanlarına modeminizin SSID ve şifresi girilir. + +```yaml +substitutions: + LED_PIN: GPIO48 # Kart üzerindeki RGB LED + BUTTON_PIN: GPIO0 # Boot Butonu + + # Pin Eşleştirmeleri + D0: GPIO1 + D1: GPIO2 + D4: GPIO42 + D8: GPIO38 + D9: GPIO48 + D12: GPIO10 + D13: GPIO3 + D14: GPIO8 + # I2C + SDA_PIN: GPIO47 + SCL_PIN: GPIO21 +``` +Ardından, bu bölümde yapılan **pin tanımlamaları** YAML dosyasının en alt kısmına kopyalanır. + + + ESPHome YAML Dosyasına Sensör Ekleme + + +Bu örnekte bir hareket sensörü bağlanacağı için, aşağıdaki tanımlamalar yukarıdaki şekilde YAML dosyasının en altına yapıştırılır. + +```yaml +binary_sensor: + - platform: gpio + pin: + number: GPIO42 + mode: INPUT + inverted: false + name: "PIR Sensor" + device_class: motion + filters: + - delayed_on: 1s +``` + + + + Hareket sensörü **D4 pinine (GPIO42)** bağlanmıştır. Farklı bir pine bağladıysanız, **`number`** alanını ilgili pine göre güncellemeniz gerekir. + Gerekli pin atamaları için [Deneyap Kart Pin Rehberi](https://docs.deneyapkart.org/tr/Development_Boards) sayfasından bilgi alabilirsiniz. + + +Sağ alt köşede bulunan "Install" butonuna tıklanır. Bu adım ile yapılandırma tamamlanmış olur. + +### 4.3 ESPHome için Deneyap Kart'a Yazılım Yüklenmesi + + + ESPHome Yazılım Yükleme Seçenekleri + + +Öncelikle, **Deneyap Kart**, **T3 Gemstone O1** geliştirme kartınızın herhangi bir USB çıkışına bağlanır. +Açılan menüde çeşitli yükleme seçenekleri görüntülenir ancak ilk yükleme için **"Plug into the computer running ESPHome Device Builder"** seçeneğini seçmelisiniz. +Daha sonraki yüklemelerde kablosuz yükleme yapılabilir. + + + ESPHome Yazılım Yükleme + + +**Port seçimi** bölümünde listelenen uygun seçenek seçilir. Eğer birden fazla port görünüyorsa, Deneyap Kart çıkarılıp yeniden takıldığında ve menü tekrar açıldığında görünmeyen port, doğru port olarak belirlenir. + + + ESPHome Yazılım Yükleme Log Ekranı + + +Yükleme işlemi başlatılır. İlk yükleme, biraz zaman alabileceği için sabırlı olunması önerilir. + + + ESPHome Yazılım Yükleme Log Ekranı + + +Yükleme tamamlandıktan sonra, ESPHome ana ekranına gidilir ve "Logs" bölümüne tıklanır. +Açılan menüde artık "Wirelessly" seçeneği kullanılabilir. + + + ESPHome cihazı Ekleme + + +**Home Assistant** üzerinde, **Ayarlar > Cihazlar ve Hizmetler > Entegrasyon Ekle** bölümüne gidilir ve burada bulunan esphome cihazının üzerindeki ekle butonuna tıklanır. + + + ESPHome cihazı Ekleme + + +Bu aşamada karşımıza çıkan **Gönder** butonuna tıklanır. + + + ESPHome cihazı Ekleme + + +Bu adımda ise karta Home Assistant için bir isim verilir. Sonrasında **Atla ve Bitir** butonuna tıklanarak devam edilebilir. + + + ESPHome Cihazlar + + +**ESPHome** altında yer alan **"1 cihaz"** seçeneğine tıklanır. + + + ESPHome Cihaz Detayları + + +Tebrikler! Bir hareket sensörü başarıyla **Home Assistant** platformuna entegre edilmiştir. Eklenen sensörün durumu, anlık olarak görüntülenebilir. + +## 5. Sıkça Sorulan Sorular + +**Kurulum sonrası "Unsupported System" uyarısı alıyorum, neden?** +> Home Assistant OS dışında bir işletim sistemi kullanıldığında veya sistemde manuel çalışan başka hizmetler (Nextcloud veya Tailscale gibi) olduğunda bu uyarı çıkabilir. Akıllı ev sisteminin kararlı çalışmasına engel bir durum değildir, sadece bilgilendirme amaçlıdır. + +**Eklenti (Add-on) mağazası ne zaman görünecek?** +> Kurulum tamamlandıktan hemen sonra arayüze girerseniz Eklentiler menüsü görünmeyebilir. Sistem arka planda gerekli yapılandırmaları bitirdiğinde (genellikle 5-10 dakika içinde) "Ayarlar -> Eklentiler" sekmesi otomatik olarak aktif olacaktır.