diff --git a/velocity/src/main/kotlin/gg/grounds/resourcepacks/velocity/ResourcePackCoordinator.kt b/velocity/src/main/kotlin/gg/grounds/resourcepacks/velocity/ResourcePackCoordinator.kt
index 9f993a5..594f71f 100644
--- a/velocity/src/main/kotlin/gg/grounds/resourcepacks/velocity/ResourcePackCoordinator.kt
+++ b/velocity/src/main/kotlin/gg/grounds/resourcepacks/velocity/ResourcePackCoordinator.kt
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ internal class ResourcePackCoordinator(
     private val delivery = Any()
     private val sent = ConcurrentHashMap<UUID, String>()
     private val targetAttributions = LinkedHashMap<PlayerPack, TargetAttribution>(16, 0.75f, true)
+    private val pendingTargetAttributions = HashMap<PlayerPack, TargetAttribution>()
     private var currentSettings: ResourcePackSettings? = null
     private var closed = false
 
@@ -77,20 +78,28 @@ internal class ResourcePackCoordinator(
         synchronized(delivery) {
             sent.remove(playerId)
             targetAttributions.keys.removeIf { it.playerId == playerId }
+            pendingTargetAttributions.keys.removeIf { it.playerId == playerId }
         }
     }
 
     internal fun targetId(playerId: UUID, packId: UUID?): String? =
         synchronized(delivery) {
             packId
-                ?.let { targetAttributions[PlayerPack(playerId, it)] }
+                ?.let {
+                    val key = PlayerPack(playerId, it)
+                    pendingTargetAttributions[key] ?: targetAttributions[key]
+                }
                 ?.let { it as? TargetAttribution.Exact }
                 ?.targetId
         }
 
     internal fun ownsPack(playerId: UUID, packId: UUID?): Boolean =
         synchronized(delivery) {
-            packId != null && targetAttributions.containsKey(PlayerPack(playerId, packId))
+            if (packId == null) false
+            else {
+                val key = PlayerPack(playerId, packId)
+                pendingTargetAttributions.containsKey(key) || targetAttributions.containsKey(key)
+            }
         }
 
     internal fun clear() =
@@ -99,6 +108,7 @@ internal class ResourcePackCoordinator(
             currentSettings = null
             sent.clear()
             targetAttributions.clear()
+            pendingTargetAttributions.clear()
         }
 
     private fun dispatchLocked(
@@ -113,28 +123,35 @@ internal class ResourcePackCoordinator(
         sent.compute(player.uniqueId) { _, existing ->
             if (existing == prepared.fingerprint) existing
             else {
+                val provisionalAttributions =
+                    prepared.packIds.associate { packId ->
+                        val key = PlayerPack(player.uniqueId, packId)
+                        val previous =
+                            targetAttributions.entries.firstOrNull { it.key == key }?.value
+                        key to
+                            when (previous) {
+                                null -> TargetAttribution.Exact(prepared.targetId)
+                                is TargetAttribution.Exact ->
+                                    if (previous.targetId == prepared.targetId) previous
+                                    else TargetAttribution.Ambiguous
+                                TargetAttribution.Ambiguous -> TargetAttribution.Ambiguous
+                            }
+                    }
+                pendingTargetAttributions.putAll(provisionalAttributions)
                 try {
                     sender.send(player, prepared.request)
                 } catch (failure: Exception) {
                     if (isolateSendFailure) return@compute existing
                     throw failure
+                } finally {
+                    provisionalAttributions.keys.forEach(pendingTargetAttributions::remove)
                 }
+                targetAttributions.putAll(provisionalAttributions)
                 try {
                     deliveryObserver.sent(player, prepared)
                 } catch (_: Exception) {
                     // Diagnostics must not change the delivery result.
                 }
-                prepared.packIds.forEach { packId ->
-                    val key = PlayerPack(player.uniqueId, packId)
-                    targetAttributions[key] =
-                        when (val previous = targetAttributions[key]) {
-                            null -> TargetAttribution.Exact(prepared.targetId)
-                            is TargetAttribution.Exact ->
-                                if (previous.targetId == prepared.targetId) previous
-                                else TargetAttribution.Ambiguous
-                            TargetAttribution.Ambiguous -> TargetAttribution.Ambiguous
-                        }
-                }
                 while (targetAttributions.size > MAX_STATUS_ATTRIBUTIONS) {
                     targetAttributions.entries.iterator().run {
                         next()
diff --git a/velocity/src/test/kotlin/gg/grounds/resourcepacks/velocity/ResourcePackCoordinatorTest.kt b/velocity/src/test/kotlin/gg/grounds/resourcepacks/velocity/ResourcePackCoordinatorTest.kt
index b3a71eb..d7b62d3 100644
--- a/velocity/src/test/kotlin/gg/grounds/resourcepacks/velocity/ResourcePackCoordinatorTest.kt
+++ b/velocity/src/test/kotlin/gg/grounds/resourcepacks/velocity/ResourcePackCoordinatorTest.kt
@@ -202,6 +202,54 @@ class ResourcePackCoordinatorTest {
         assertEquals(2, attempts)
     }
 
+    // Break caught: a synchronous Velocity status emitted by sendResourcePacks can arrive before
+    // the coordinator records ownership and disappear from diagnostics and metrics.
+    @Test
+    fun `pack ownership is visible while the request is being sent`() {
+        val settings = settings()
+        val state = readyState(settings, snapshot(settings))
+        val player = player("aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa")
+        val packId = UUID.fromString("11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111")
+        var ownedDuringSend = false
+        lateinit var coordinator: ResourcePackCoordinator
+        coordinator =
+            ResourcePackCoordinator(
+                { settings },
+                { state },
+                OnlinePlayerView { emptyList() },
+                PackSender { sentPlayer, _ ->
+                    ownedDuringSend = coordinator.ownsPack(sentPlayer.uniqueId, packId)
+                },
+                VelocityPackRequestFactory(),
+            )
+
+        coordinator.onLogin(player)
+
+        assertTrue(ownedDuringSend)
+    }
+
+    // Break caught: provisional ownership can survive a non-Exception send failure and make a
+    // pack that was never delivered look owned by the coordinator.
+    @Test
+    fun `non exception send failure clears provisional attribution`() {
+        val settings = settings()
+        val state = readyState(settings, snapshot(settings))
+        val player = player("aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa")
+        val packId = UUID.fromString("11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111")
+        val coordinator =
+            ResourcePackCoordinator(
+                { settings },
+                { state },
+                OnlinePlayerView { emptyList() },
+                PackSender { _, _ -> throw AssertionError("send failed") },
+                VelocityPackRequestFactory(),
+            )
+
+        assertFailsWith<AssertionError> { coordinator.onLogin(player) }
+
+        assertNull(coordinator.targetId(player.uniqueId, packId))
+    }
+
     // Break caught: target attribution can be recorded before a failed send or survive the
     // player's disconnect indefinitely.
     @Test